BARI Investigators (1996) Comparison of coronary bypass surgery with angioplasty in patients with multivessel disease. The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) Investigators. New England Journal of Medicine , 335: 217–225.

Ben-Shlomo Y and Chaturvedi N. (1995) Assessing equity in access to health care provision in the UK: does where you live affect your chances of getting a coronary artery bypass graft? Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 49: 200–204.

Bowling A. (1999) Ageism in cardiology. BMJ , 319:1353–1355.

Bowling A, Bond M, McKee D, et al. (2001) Equity in access to exercise tolerance testing, coronary angiography, and coronary artery bypass grafting by age, sex and clinical indications. Heart 2001;85:680–686.

Calver AL, Blows LJ, Harmer S, Dawkins KD, Gray HH, Morgan JH, and Simpson IA. (2000) Clopidogrel for prevention of major cardiac events after coronary stent implantation: 30-day and 6-month results in patients with smaller stents. American Heart Journal, 140, 483–491.

Census (2001a) Deprivation scores based on 1991 area statistics (last accessed December 2001).

Census, (2001b) 1991 Area Classifications (last accessed December 2001).

Charlton J and Murphy M (eds) (1997) The Health of Adult Britain , 1841–1994, Volume 1. London: The Stationery Office.

Dong W, Ben-Shlomo Y, Colhoun HM, and Chaturvedi N. Gender differences in accessing cardiac surgery across England: a cross sectional analysis of the Health Survey for England. Social Science & Medicine, 1998; 47:1773–80.

Drever F and Whitehead M. (1997) Health Inequalities . Office for National Statistics, London: The Stationery Office.

Hemingway H, Crook AM, Feder G, et al. (2001) Underuse of coronary revascularization procedures in patients considered appropriate candidates for revascularization. New England Journal of Medicine, 344:645–54.

Husted, S., Becker, R., and Kher, A. (2001) A critical review of clinical trials for low-molecular-weight heparin therapy in unstable coronary artery disease. Clinical Cardiology, 24, 492–499.

Hypertension and Detection Follow Up Program. (1979) Five years of the Hypertension and Detection Follow Up Program: reduction in mortality of persons of high blood pressure, including mild hypertension. JAMA , 242:2572–7.

Lampe FC, Whincup PH, Shaper AG, Wannamethee SG, Walker M and Ebrahim S. (2001) Variability of angina symptoms and the risk of major ischemic heart disease events. American Journal of Epidemiology, 153(12):1173–82.

Meads C, Cummins C, Jolly K, Stevens A, Burls A, and Hyde C. Coronary artery stents in the treatment of ischaemic heart disease: a rapid and systematic review . Health Technology Assessment 2000 ;Vol. 4:No.23 (PDF file)

Mehta SR and Yusuf S. (2000) The Clopidogrel in Unstable angina to prevent Recurrent Events (CURE) trial programme; rationale, design and baseline characteristics including a meta-analysis of the effects of thienopyridines in vascular disease. European Heart Journal, 21, 2033–2041.

Payne N. and Saul C. (1997) Variations in use of cardiology services in a health authority: comparison of coronary artery revascularisation rates with prevalence of angina and coronary mortality. BMJ , 314, 257–261.

Pocock SJ, Henderson RA, Rickards AF, Hampton JR, King SB III, Hamm CW, Puel, J., Hueb W, Goy JJ, and Rodriguez, A. (1995). Meta-analysis of randomised trials comparing coronary angioplasty with bypass surgery. Lancet, 346, 1184–1189.

South West Consortium of Health Authorities (2001). A needs assessment of cardiology and cardiac surgery services for revascularisation – version 5 . Internal report. July 2001.

Sudlow CL, Baigent C, Lonn E, Probstfield JL, Ness AR, and Rihal C. (2000) Secondary prevention of ischaemic cardiac events. In Clinical Evidence . F.Godlee, ed. London: BMJ Publishing Group, pp. 77–106.

Taniuchi M, Kurz HI, and Lasala JM. (2001) Randomized comparison of ticlopidine and clopidogrel after intracoronary stent implantation in a broad patient population. Circulation , 104, 539–543.

Time Investigators. (2001) Trial of invasive versus medical therapy in elderly patients with chronic symptomatic coronary artery disease (TIME): a randomised trial. Lancet, 358:951–957.

Townsend P, Phillimore P and Beattie A. (1988) Health and deprivation: inequality and the North . London: Croom Helm.

Tudor Hart J. (1971) The inverse care law. The Lancet, i:406–412.

Tunstall-Pedoe H, Kuulasmaa K, Mahonen M, Tolonen H, Ruokokoski E, and Amouyel P. (1999). Contribution of trends in survival and coronary-event rates to changes in coronary heart disease mortality: 10-year results from 37 WHO

MONICA project populations. Monitoring trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease. Lancet, 353, 1547–1557.

Tunstall-Pedoe H, Vanuzzo D, Hobbs M, Mahonen M, Cepaitis Z, Kuulasmaa K, and Keil U. (2000) Estimation of contribution of changes in coronary care to improving survival, event rates, and coronary heart disease mortality across the WHO MONICA Project populations. Lancet, 355, 688–700.

Vernon SM. (2001) Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists and low-molecular weight heparin in acute coronary syndromes. Cardiology Clinics, 19, 235–52, vi.

Wallace M & Denham C. ONS Classification of local and health authorities of Great Britain. SMPS No. 59. London: HMSO 1996.